Abstract

Aim: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery.

Methods: This was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January–April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin.

Results: Overall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, delay was not associated with a lower rate of complete resection (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.90–1.55, P = 0.224), which was consistent in elective patients only (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69–1.27, P = 0.672). Longer delays were not associated with poorer outcomes.

Conclusions: One in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease.

APPENDIX A : List of PubMed citable COVIDSurg collaborators Writing group: Michel Adamina (Switzerland), Adesoji Ademuyiwa (Nigeria), Adewale Adisa (Nigeria), Aneel A Bhangu (UK), Ana Minaya Bravo (Spain), Miguel F Cunha (Portugal), Sameh Emile (Egypt), Dhruva Ghosh (India), James C Glasbey (UK), Benjamin Harris (UK)*, Debby Keller (USA), Samuel Lawday (UK), Hans Lederhuber (Germany), Sezai Leventoglu (Turkey), Elizabeth Li (UK), Maria Marta Modolo (Argentina), Rohin Mittal (India), Helen M Mohan (Ireland), Dmitri Nepogodiev (UK), Marie Dione Parreño-Sacdalan (Philippines), Francesco Pata (Italy), Peter Pockney (Australia), Martin Rutegård (Sweden), Joana FF Simões (Portugal)*, Neil Smart (UK), Chris Varghese (New Zealand).

*Joint first authors.

Statistical analysis and data handling

James C Glasbey, Joana FF Simoes, Benjamin Harris, Aneel A Bhangu.

COVIDSurg Operations Committee

Dmitri Nepogodiev (Chair), Kwabena Siaw-Acheampong, Ruth A Benson, Edward Bywater, Daoud Chaudhry, Brett E Dawson, Jonathan P Evans, James C Glasbey, Rohan R Gujjuri, Emily Heritage, Conor S Jones, Sivesh K Kamarajah, Chetan Khatri, Rachel A Khaw, James M Keatley, Andrew Knight, Samuel Lawday, Elizabeth Li, Harvinder S Mann, Ella J Marson, Kenneth A McLean, Siobhan C Mckay, Emily C Mills, Gianluca Pellino, Maria Picciochi, Elliott H Taylor, Abhinav Tiwari, Joana FF Simoes, Isobel M Trout, Mary L Venn, Richard JW Wilkin, Aneel Bhangu.

International Cancer Leads (*denotes specialty Principal Investigators)

James C Glasbey (Chair)

Colorectal: Neil J Smart*, Ana Minaya-Bravo*, Jonathan P Evans, Gaetano Gallo, Susan Moug, Francesco Pata, Peter Pockney, Salomone Di Saverio, Abigail Vallance, Dale Vimalchandran. Oesophagogastric: Ewen A Griffiths*, Sivesh K Kamarajah, Richard PT Evans, Philip Townend.

Hepatopancreatobiliary: Keith Roberts*, Siobhan McKay*, John Isaac, Sohei Satoi.

Thoracic: John Edwards*, Aman S Coonar, Adrian Marchbank, Edward J Caruana, Georgia R Layton, Akshay Patel, Alessandro Brunelli.

Sarcoma: Samuel Ford*, Anant Desai*, Alessandro Gronchi*, Marco Fiore*, Max Almond, Fabio Tirotta, Sinziana Dumitra.

Neurosurgery: Angelos Kolias*, Stephen J Price, Daniel M Fountain, Michael D Jenkinson, Peter Hutchinson, Hani J Marcus, Rory J Piper, Laura Lippa, Franco Servadei, Ignatius Esene, Christian Freyschlag, Iuri Neville, Gail Rosseau, Karl Schaller, Andreas K Demetriades, Faith Robertson, Alex Alamri.

Head and neck: Richard Shaw*, Andrew G Schache, Stuart C Winter, Michael Ho, Paul Nankivell, Juan Rey Biel, Martin Batstone, Ian Ganly.

Breast: Raghavan Vidya*, Alex Wilkins, Jagdeep K Singh, Dinesh Thekinkattil.

Gynaecology: Sudha Sundar*, Christina Fotopoulou*, Elaine YL Leung, Tabassum Khan, Luis Chiva, Jalid Sehouli, Anna Fagotti, Paul Cohen, Murat Gutelkin, Rahel Ghebre, Thomas Konney, Rene Pareja, Rob Bristow, Sean Dowdy, Shylasree TS, Rajkumar Kottayasamy Seenivasagam, Joe Ng, Keiichi Fujiwara.

Urology: Grant D Stewart*, Benjamin Lamb, Krishna Narahari, Alan McNeill, Alexandra Colquhoun, John S McGrath, Steve Bromage, Ravi Barod, Veeru Kasivisvanathan*, Tobias Klatte.

Dissemination Committee

Joana FF Simoes (Chair); Tom EF Abbott, Sadi Abukhalaf, Michel Adamina, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Arnav Agarwal, Murat Akkulak, Ehab Alameer, Derek Alderson, Felix Alakaloko, Markus Albertsmeier, Osaid Alser, Muhammad Alshaar, Sattar Alshryda, Alexis P Arnaud, Knut Magne Augestad, Faris Ayasra, José Azevedo, Brittany K Bankhead-Kendall, Emma Barlow, David Beard, Ruth A Benson, Ruth Blanco-Colino, Amanpreet Brar, Ana Minaya-Bravo, Kerry A Breen, Chris Bretherton, Igor Lima Buarque, Joshua Burke, Edward J Caruana, Mohammad Chaar, Sohini Chakrabortee, Peter Christensen, Daniel Cox, Moises Cukier, Miguel F Cunha, Giana H Davidson, Anant Desai, Salomone Di Saverio, Thomas M Drake, John G Edwards, Muhammed Elhadi, Sameh Emile, Shebani Farik, Marco Fiore, J Edward Fitzgerald, Samuel Ford, Tatiana Garmanova, Gaetano Gallo, Dhruva Ghosh, Gustavo Mendonça Ataíde Gomes, Gustavo Grecinos, Ewen A Griffiths, Magdalena Gruendl, Constantine Halkias, Ewen M Harrison, Intisar Hisham, Peter J Hutchinson, Shelley Hwang, Arda Isik, Michael D Jenkinson, Pascal Jonker, Haytham MA Kaafarani, Debby Keller, Angelos Kolias, Schelto Kruijff, Ismail Lawani, Hans Lederhuber, Sezai Leventoglu, Andrey Litvin, Andrew Loehrer, Markus W Löffler, Maria Aguilera Lorena, Maria Marta Modolo, Piotr Major, Janet Martin, Hassan N Mashbari, Dennis Mazingi, Symeon Metallidis, Ana Minaya-Bravo, Helen M Mohan, Rachel Moore, David Moszkowicz, Susan Moug, Joshua S Ng-Kamstra, Mayaba Maimbo, Ionut Negoi, Milagros Niquen, Faustin Ntirenganya, Maricarmen Olivos, Kacimi Oussama, Oumaima Outani, Marie Dione Parreño-Sacdalan, Francesco Pata, Carlos Jose Perez Rivera, Thomas D Pinkney, Willemijn van der Plas, Peter Pockney, Ahmad Qureshi, Dejan Radenkovic, Antonio Ramos-De la Medina, Toby Richards, Keith Roberts, April C Roslani, Martin Rutegård, Juan José Segura-Sampedro, Irène Santos, Sohei Satoi, Raza Sayyed, Andrew Schache, Andreas A Schnitzbauer, Justina O. Seyi-Olajide, Neil Sharma, Catherine A Shaw, Richard Shaw, Sebastian Shu, Kjetil Soreide, Antonino Spinelli, Grant D Stewart, Malin Sund, Sudha Sundar, Stephen Tabiri, Philip Townend, Georgios Tsoulfas, Gabrielle H van Ramshorst, Raghavan Vidya, Dale Vimalachandran, Oliver J Warren, Duane Wedderburn, Naomi Wright, EuroSurg, European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP), Global Initiative for Children’s Surgery (GICS), GlobalSurg, GlobalPaedSurg, ItSURG, PTSurg, SpainSurg, Italian Society of Colorectal Surgery (SICCR), Association of Surgeons in Training (ASiT), Irish Surgical Research Collaborative (ISRC), Transatlantic Australasian Retroperitoneal Sarcoma Working Group (TARPSWG), Italian Society of Surgical Oncology (SICO).

Collaborators (*denotes hospital leads)

Argentina: Valenzuela JI* (Hospital Velez Sarsfield, City of Buenos Aires); Alurralde C, Caram EL, Eskinazi DG* (Sanatorio 9 De Julio Sa, Tucuman); Badra R, García JS, Lucchini SM* (Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba).

Australia: Vasey C*, Watson E (Ballarat Base Hospital, Ballarat Central); Cecire J, Salindera S*, Sutherland A (Coffs Harbour Health Campus, Coffs Harbour NSW); Ahn JH, Chen S, Gauri N, Jang S, Jia F, Mulligan CS, Yang W, Ye G, Zhang H (Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord West, Sydney); Moss J*, Richards T, Thian A, Vo UG* (Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth); Bagraith K, Chan E, Ho D, Jeyarajan E, Jordan S, Nolan GJ, Von Papen M, Wullschleger M (Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport); Dawson AC*, Drane A (Gosford Hospital, Gosford); Egoroff N, Gani J, Lott N, Pockney P* (John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle); Phan D, Townend D* (Lismore Base Hospital, Lismore); Bong C, Gundara J* (Logan Hospital, Brisbane); Bowman S*, Guerra GR (Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Hospital, Brisbane); Gerns N, Riddell A* (Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe); Dudi-Venkata NN, Kroon HM*, Sammour T (Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide); Mitchell D*, Swinson B (Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane); Waldron A, Walker P* (St John of God Midland Public and Private Hospital, Perth); Dawson AC*, Drane A*, Lun EWY* (Wyong Public Hospital, Wyong).

Austria: Messner F, Öfner D* (Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck); Emmanuel K, Grechenig M, Gruber R, Harald M, Jäger T, Öhlberger L, Presl J*, Wimmer A (Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg).

Azerbaijan: Namazov İ, Samadov E (Leyla Medical Centerl, Baku).

Barbados: Barker D, Boyce R, Doyle A, Eastmond A, Gill R, O’Shea M, Padmore G*, Paquette N, Phillips E, St John S, Walkes K (Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Bridgetown).

Belgium: Flamey N, Pattyn P* (Az Delta, Roeselare); Ceelen W, Pattyn P, Van de Putte D, Van Nieuwenhove Y, Van Ramshorst G*, Willaert W (University Hospital of Ghent, Gent); Oosterlinck W*, Van den Eynde J, Van den Eynde R (Uz Leuven, Leuven).

Brazil: Aguiar Júnior S*, Marques T (A.c. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo); Camara P*, De Lima RK, Della Giustina E, Hoffmann PV (Fundação Hospitalar De Blumenau, Blumenau); Nacif L* (Hospital Nove De Julho, Sao Paulo); Carvalho Ferro C, Gomes GMA, Lima Buarque I, Lira dos Santos Leite A, Pol-Fachin L, Santos Bezerra T, Silva A, Silvestre D, Vieira Barros A* (Hospital Santa Casa De Misericordia De Maceio, Maceio); Laporte G*, Salem M (Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericórdia De Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre); Barakat Awada J, Ijichi TR, Kim NJ, Marreiro A, Muller B, Nunes R* (Notre Dame Intermédica—Hospital Salvalus, São Paulo); Bodanese B, Isoton JC, Regina de Sampaio L, Vendrame C* (Supera Oncologia—Hospital Regional Do Oeste, Chapeco).

Bulgaria: Sokolov M*, Gribnev P (University Hospital Alexandrovska, Sofia).

Canada: Boutros M*, Caminsky N, Ghitulescu G (Jewish General Hospital, Montreal); Groot G*, Persad A, Pham H, Wood M (Saskatoon City Hospital/Royal University Hospital/St Paul’s Hospital, Saskatoon Sk); Boutros M*, Demyttenaere S*, Garfinkle R (St Mary’s Hospital, Montreal); Brown C*, Karimuddin A, Lee N, Liu J, Madani Kia T, Phang PT, Raval M, Tom K (St Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC); Martel A, Nessim C*, Stevenson J (The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa); Al Riyami S, Bali K, Bigam D*, Dajani K, Dell A (University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton).

Chile: Bellolio F*, Besser N, Grasset E*, Inzunza M, Quintana Martinic M, Riquoir Altamirano C, Ruiz Esquide M (Hospital Clinico Universidad Católica, Santiago).

Colombia: Arias-Amézquita F*, Cétares C, Cortes Murgueitio N, Gomez-Mayorga JL (Fundacion Santa Fe De Bogota, Bogota); Abadia M, Bonilla A, Facundo H, Guevara O*, Herrera Mora DR, Jimenez Ramirez LJ, Manrique E, Pinilla Morales RE*, Rey Ferro M, Velasquez Cuasquen BG (Instituto Nacional De Cancerologia, Bogota).

Croatia: Bačić G, Karlović D, Kršul D, Zelić M* (University Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka); Bakmaz B, Ćoza I, Dijan E, Katusic Z, Mihanovic J*, Rakvin I (Zadar General Hospital, Zadar).

Cyprus: Almezghwi H, Arslan K, Özant A, Özçay N* (Near East University Hospital, Nicosia); Frantzeskou K, Gouvas N*, Kokkinos G, Papatheodorou P, Pozotou I, Stavrinidou O, Yiallourou A* (Nicosia General Hospital, Nicosia).

Czechia: Martinek L, Skrovina M*, Szubota I (Hospital and Oncological Centre Novy Jicin, Novy Jicin); Peteja M, Žatecký J* (Slezská Nemocnice V Opavě, P.o., Opava).

Denmark: Avlund T, Christensen P*, Harbjerg JL, Iversen LH, Kjaer DW, Kristensen HØ, Mekhael M (Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus); Ebbehøj AL, Krarup P, Schlesinger N, Smith H* (Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen).

Dominican Republic: Crespo A, Díaz P, Rivas R, Tactuk N (Cedimat—Centro De Diagnóstico, Medicina Avanzada, Laboratorio Y Telemedicina, Santo Domingo).

Egypt: El Kassas M*, Omar W, Tawheed A (15th May Hospital—Helwan University, Cairo); Talaat M (Ain Shams University Specialized Hospital, Cairo); Abdelsamed A, Azzam AY*, Salem H*, Seleim A (Al Azhar University Hospitals, Cairo); AL Sayed M, Ashoush F*, Elazzazy E, Essam E, Ewedah M, Hassan E, Metwalli M, Mourad M, Qatora MS, Sabry A*, Samih A, Samir Abdelaal A, Shehata S*, Shenit K (Alexandria Main University Hospital, Alexandria); Attia D, Kamal N, Osman N* (Alexandria Medical Research Institute, Alexandria); Alaa S, Hamza HM, M.elghazaly S, Mohammed MM*, Nageh MA, Saad MM*, Yousof EA (Assiut University Hospital, Assiut); Eldaly A* (El-Menshawy Hospital, Tanta); Alrahawy M*, Sakr A*, Soliman H*, Soltan H* (Menofiya University Hospital, Menoufia); Amira G, Sallam I*, Sherief M, Sherif A (Misr Cancer Center, Al Jizah); Ghaly G*, Hamdy R, Morsi A, Salem H*, Sherif G (National Cancer Institute, Cairo); Abdeldayem H, Abdelkader Salama I*, Balabel M, Fayed Y, Ahmed Elshawadfy Sherif* (National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom); Elmorsi R*, Refky B* (Oncology Center Mansoura University, Mansoura).

Ethiopia: Bekele K* (Maddawalabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Goba).

Finland: Kauppila JH*, Sarjanoja E (Länsi-Pohja Central Hospital, Kemi); Helminen O, Huhta H, Kauppila JH* (Oulu University Hospital, Oulu).

France: Beyrne C, Jouffret L*, Marie-Macron L (Centre Hospitalier Avignon, Avignon); Fredon F*, Roux A (Centre Hospitalier Roland Mazoin, Saint-Junien); Lakkis Z*, Manfredelli S (University Hospital of Besançon, Besancon); Chebaro A*, El Amrani M, Lecolle K, Piessen G*, Eveno C, Noiret B, Veziant J Pruvot FR, Zerbib P (Chu Lille, Lille); Ballouhey Q*, Barrat B, Taibi A (Chu Limoges, Limoges); Bergeat D, Merdrignac A (Chu Rennes—General Surgery, Rennes); Le Roy B, Perotto LO, Scalabre A* (Chu Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne); Aimé A, Ezanno AC*, Malgras B (Hia Begin, St Mande); Bouché PA*, Tzedakis S* (Hôpital Cochin—Aphp, Paris); Cotte E, Glehen O (Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite); Bendjemar L, Braham H, Charre L, El Arbi N, Police A*, Volpin E (Hôpital Simone Veil, Eaubonne); D’Urso A, Mutter D, Seeliger B* (Strasbourg University Hospitals/IHU-Strasbourg, Strasbourg); Bonnet S, Denet C, Fuks D, Laforest A, Pourcher G, Seguin-givelet A*, Tribillon E (Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris); Duchalais E* (Nantes University Hospital, Nantes).

Germany: Bork U*, Fritzmann J, Praetorius C, Weitz J, Welsch T ( University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden); Beyer K, Kamphues C*, Lauscher J, Loch FN, Schineis C (Charité University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin); Albertsmeier M*, Kappenberger A, Schiergens T, Werner J (Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich); Becker R*, Jonescheit J (Heilig-Geist Hospital Bensheim, Bensheim); Pergolini I, Reim D* (Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Tum School of Medicine, Munich); Herzberg J*, Honarpisheh H*, Strate T* (Krankenhaus Reinbek St Adolf-Stift, Reinbek); Boeker C, Hakami I*, Mall JW* (KRH Nordstadt-Siloah Hospitals, Hannover); Nowak K*, Reinhard T* (Romed Klinikum Rosenheim, Rosenheim); Kleeff J, Michalski C, Ronellenfitsch U* (University Hospital Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale)); Bertolani E, Königsrainer A*, Löffler MW, Quante M*, Steidle C, Überrück L, Yurttas C (University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen); Izbicki J, Nitschke C, Perez D, Uzunoglu FG* (University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg).

Greece: Antonakis P, Contis I, Dellaportas D, Gklavas A, Konstadoulakis M, Memos N*, Papaconstantinou I*, Polydorou A, Theodosopoulos T, Vezakis A (Aretaieion Hospital, Athens); Antonopoulou MI, Manatakis DK*, Tasis N (Athens Naval and Veterans Hospital, Athens); Arkadopoulos N, Danias N, Economopoulou P, Frountzas M, Kokoropoulos P, Larentzakis A, Michalopoulos N*, Parasyris S, Selmani J, Sidiropoulos T, Vassiliu P (Attikon University General Hospital, Athens); Bouchagier K*, Klimopoulos S, Paspaliari D, Stylianidis G (Evaggelismos General Hospital, Athens); Akrivou D, Baxevanidou K, Bouliaris K, Chatzikomnitsa P, Delinasios G, Doudakmanis C, Efthimiou M, Giaglaras A, Kalfountzos C*, Kolla C, Koukoulis G, Zervas K, Zourntou S (General Hospital of Larissa ‘Koutlimpaneio and Triantafylleio’, Larissa); Baloyiannis I, Diamantis A, Perivoliotis K, Tzovaras G* (General University Hospital of Larissa, Larrisa); Christidis P, Ioannidis O*, Loutzidou L (George Papanikolaou General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki); Karaitianos I. G.*, Geroukalis A. (Henry Dunant Hospital Center), Tsirlis T ); Baili E, Charalabopoulos A, Liakakos T, Schizas D*, Spartalis E, Syllaios A, Zografos C (Laiko University Hospital, Athens); Christou C, Papadopoulos V, Tooulias A, Tsoulfas G* (Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki); Athanasakis E, Chrysos E, Tsiaoussis I, Xenaki S*, Xynos E* (University Hospital of Heraklion Crete and Interclinic Hospital of Crete, Heraklion Crete).

Hong Kong: Futaba K*, Ho MF, Hon S, Mak TWC, Ng S (Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin); Foo CC* (Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam).

Hungary: Banky B*, Suszták N (Szent Borbála Kórház, Tatabánya).

India: Misra S*, Pareek P, Vishnoi JR* (All India Institute of Medical Sciences (Aiims), Jodhpur, Jodhpur); Jain A, Mishra S, Mishra T, Mitra JK, Muduly D* (All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubhaneshwar); Agrawal A, Garg PK, Kottayasamy Seenivasagam R*, Majumdar KS, Mishra N, Singh MP (All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh); Chyau Patnaik S, Rao S*, Reddy P, S RRR, Saksena AR, Y J (Basavatarakam Indo American Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Hyderabad); Ayloor Seshadri R* (Cancer Institute (Wia) Regional Cancer Centre, Chennai); Haque PD*, Jeyaraj P, Kannummal Veetil S, Mahajan A (Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana); Devarakonda S, Jesudason MR, Mittal R*, Moorthy M, Yezzaji H (Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore); Aggarwal M, Dhamija P, Kumar A* (Government Medical College Patiala, Patiala); Chisthi M, G D, George G, Kollengode VV*, Kuttanchettiyar KG, Yadev I* (Government Medical College Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram); Dharanipragada K*, Kalayarasan R*, Penumadu P* (Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry); L B, Mathew S* (Kasturba Medical College Hospital, Manipal, Manipal); Akhtar N, Chaturvedi A, Gupta S, Kumar V, Rajan S* (King George’s Medical University, Lucknow); Agrawal N, Arora A, Chaturvedi H, Jain M, Kumar S*, Singh S (Max Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi); Bhat GA, Chowdri N, Mehraj A*, Parray F Q, Shah ZA, Wani R (Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar); Ahmed Z, Bhat MA, Laharwal A, Mahmood M, Mir I, Mohammad Z, Muzamil J, Rashid A*, Singh R (Smhs Hospital, Government Medical College, Srinagar); Ahmed A, Jain D, Pipara A (Tata Medical Center, Kolkata); Desoouza A, Pandey D, Pramesh CS*, Saklani A (Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai).

Indonesia: Islam AA*, Kembuan G, Pajan H (Rsud Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Makassar).

Ireland: Aremu M*, Canas-Martinez A, Cullivan O, Murphy C, Owens P, Pickett L (Connolly Hospital Blanchardstown, Dublin); Corrigan M*, Daly A, Fleming CA*, Jordan P, Kayyal MY, Killeen S, Lynch N, O’Brien S, Syed WAS, Vernon L (Cork University Hospital, Cork); Hanly A, Heneghan H*, Kennelly R, Martin ST, Winter D* (St Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin); Fahey BA, Larkin J*, Mccormick P, Mehigan BJ, Mohan H, Shokuhi P, Smith J (St James’s Hospital, Dublin); Bashir Y, Bass G, Connelly T, Creavin B, Earley H, Elliott JA*, Gillis AE, Kavanagh D, Neary P, O’Riordan J, Reynolds IS, Rice D, Ridgway PF, Umair M, Whelan M (Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin); Corless K, Finnegan L, Fowler A, Hogan A, Lowery A*, McKevitt K*, Nugent E, Ryan É J (University Hospital Galway, Galway); Coffey JC, Cunningham RM, Devine M, Nally D*, Peirce C (University Hospital Limerick, Limerick); Hardy NP, Neary PM, O’Malley S*, Ryan M (University Hospital Waterford/University College Cork, Waterford).

Israel: Gaziants V, Gold- Deutch R, Lavy R, Zmora O* (Shamir Medical Center, Be’er Ya’akov).

Italy: Macina S* (Asst Mantua, Mantova); Mariani NM*, Opocher E, Pisani Ceretti A (Asst Santi Paolo E Carlo, Milan); Bianco F* (Asst-Papa Giovanni Xxiii- Bergamo, Bergamo); Marino M*, Marino MV*, Mirabella A, Vaccarella G (Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Palermo); Sena G* (Azienda Ospedaliera Pugliese-Ciaccio Di Catanzaro, Catanzaro); Agostini C, Alemanno G, Bartolini I, Bergamini C, Bruscino A, De Vincenti R, Di Bella A, Fortuna L, Maltinti G, Muiesan P*, Prosperi P*, Ringressi MN, Risaliti M, Taddei A*, Tucci R (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Firenze); Campagnaro T*, Guglielmi A, Pedrazzani C, Rattizzato S, Ruzzenente A, Turri G (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Di Verona, Verona); Altomare DF, Papagni V, Picciariello A* (Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico Di Bari, Bari); Bellora P, D’Aloisio G, Ferrari M, Francone E, Gentilli S*, Nikaj H (Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Maggiore Della Carità, Novara); Bianchini M, Chiarugi M, Coccolini F, Cremonini C, Di Franco G, Furbetta N, Gianardi D, Guadagni S, Morelli L*, Musetti S, Palmeri M, Tartaglia D* (Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa); Anania G*, Carcoforo P*, Chiozza M, De Troia A, Koleva Radica M, Portinari M, Sibilla MG, Urbani A (Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Sant’anna, Ferrara); Fabbri N, Feo CV*, Gennari S, Parini S, Righini E (Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Ferrara -Università di Ferrara, Ferrara); Annessi V, Castro Ruiz C, Giunta A, Montella MT, Zizzo M* (Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale—IRCCSDi Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia); Grossi U, Novello S, Romano M, Rossi S, Zanus G* (Ca’ Foncello Treviso—DiSCOG—Università Di Padova, Treviso); Esposito G, Frongia F, Pisanu A, Podda M* (Cagliari University Hospital, Cagliari); Belluco C, Lauretta A*, Montori G, Moras L, Olivieri M (Centro Di Riferimento Oncologico Di Aviano (Cro) Irccs, Aviano); Feo CF, Perra T*, Porcu A*, Scanu AM (Cliniche San Pietro, A.o.u. Sassari, Sassari); Aversano A, Carbone F, Delrio P*, Di Lauro K, Fares Bucci A, Rega D*, Spiezio G (Colorectal Surgical Oncology Unit—Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione, Pascale—I.R.C.C.S., Naples); Pirozzolo G*, Recordare A, Vignotto C (Dell’angelo Hospital, Venezia); Calabrò M*, Farnesi F, Lunghi EG, Muratore A*, Pipitone Federico NS (Edoardo Agnelli, Pinerolo); De Palma G, Luglio G*, Pagano G, Tropeano FP (Federico Ii University Hospital, Naples); Baldari L*, Boni L*, Cassinotti E* (Department of Surgery Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda—Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan); Cosimelli M, Fiore M*, Guaglio M*, Sorrentino L (Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano); Agnes A, Alfieri S, Belia F, Biondi A, Cozza V, D’Ugo D, De Simone V, Litta F, Lorenzon L, Marra AA, Marzi F, Parello A, Persiani R, Ratto C, Rosa F, Scrima O, Sganga G (Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome); Belli A*, Izzo F, Patrone R (Hpb Surgical Oncology Unit—Department of Abdominal Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’, 80131 Naples, Italy.); Foppa C, Carvello MM, De Lucia F, Spinelli A* (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy); Aprile A, Batistotti P, Massobrio A, Pertile D, Scabini S*, Soriero D (IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa); De Manzoni Garberini A* (Ospedale Civile Spirito Santo, Pescara); Mazzotti F*, Pasini F, Ugolini G (Ospedale Degli Infermi Di Faenza, Faenza); Barone R, Birolo SL*, Caccetta M, Deirino A, Garino M, Grasso M, Marafante C, Masciandaro A, Moggia E, Mungo S, Murgese A, Raggio E (Ospedale Degli Infermi Di Rivoli, Rivoli); Federico P, Maida P, Marra E, Marte G, Petrillo A, Tammaro P, Tufo A* (Ospedale Del Mare, Naples); Berselli M*, Borroni G*, Cocozza E, Conti L, Desio M, Rizzi A (Ospedale Di Circolo, University of Insubria, University Hospital of Varese, Asst Sette Laghi, Regione Lombardia, Varese Lombardy); Baldi C*, Corbellini C, Sampietro GM (Ospedale Di Rho—Asst Rhodense, Rho); Bordoni P, Clarizia G, Fleres F*, Franzini M, Grechi A, Longhini A, Spolini A (Ospedale Di Sondrio (Asst Valtellina E Alto Lario), Sondrio); Baldini E*, Capelli P, Conti L, Isolani SM, Ribolla M (Ospedale Guglielmo Da Saliceto—Piacenza, Piacenza); Bondurri A, Colombo F*, Ferrario L, Guerci C, Maffioli A (Ospedale Luigi Sacco Milano, Milan); Armao T, Ballabio M*, Bisagni P*, Longhi M, Madonini M, (Ospedale Maggiore Di Lodi, Lodi); Impellizzeri H, Inama M*, Moretto G (Ospedale Pederzoli, Verona); Mochet S*, Usai A (Ospedale Regionale Umberto Parini, Aosta); Bianco F*, Incollingo P (Ospedale S. Leonardo—Asl Napoli 3 Sud, Castellammare Di Stabia, Naples); Giacometti M*, Zonta S (Ospedale San Biagio, Asl Vco, Domodossola); Marino Cosentino L*, Sagnotta A* (Ospedale San Filippo Neri, Rome); Nespoli LC, Tamini N* (Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza); Anastasi A, Bartalucci B, Bellacci A, Canonico G*, Capezzuoli L, Di Martino C, Ipponi P, Linari C, Montelatici M, Nelli T, Spagni G, Tirloni L, Vitali A (Ospedale San Giovanni Di Dio, Firenze); Abate E, Casati M*, Laface L, Schiavo M (Ospedale Vittorio Emanuele III—Carate Brianza, Carate Brianza (MB)); Arminio A, Cotoia A, Lizzi V*, Vovola F (Ospedali Riuniti Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Foggia, Foggia); Vergari R* (Ospedali Riuniti Di Ancona, Ancona); D’Ugo S*, Depalma N, Spampinato MG (Ospedale ‘Vito Fazzi’, Lecce); Annicchiarico A, Catena F*, Giuffrida M, Perrone G (Parma University Hospital, Parma); Baronio G, Carissimi F, Montuori M, Pinotti E* (Policlinico San Pietro, Ponte San Pietro); Brachini G, Chiappini A, Cicerchia PM, Cirillo B, De Toma G, Fiori E, Fonsi GB, Iannone I, La Torre F, Lapolla P*, Meneghini S, Mingoli A, Sapienza P, Zambon M (Policlinico Umberto I Sapienza University of Rome, Rome); Capolupo GT*, Carannante F, Mazzotta E (Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico of Rome, Rome); Gattolin A, Migliore M, Rimonda R, Sasia D*, Travaglio E (Regina Montis Regalis Hospital, Mondovì); Chessa A*, Fiorini A, Norcini C (San Giovanni Di Dio, Orbetello); Colletti G, Confalonieri M, Costanzi A*, Frattaruolo C, Mari G, Monteleone M, Locatelli A, Riva C, Balconi A (San Leopoldo Mandic Hospital, Merate, ASST Lecco); De Nardi P*, Parise P, Vignali A (San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan,); Belvedere A, Bernante P, Droghetti M, Jovine E, Neri J, Parlanti D, Pezzuto AP, Poggioli G, Rottoli M*, Russo IS, Tanzanu M, Violante T (, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Italy, Bologna; Borghi F, Cianflocca D, Di Maria Grimaldi S, Donati D, Gelarda E, Giraudo G, Giuffrida MC, Marano A*, Palagi S, Pellegrino L, Peluso C, Testa V* (Santa Croce E Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Cuneo); Agresta F*, Prando D*, Zese M* (Santa Maria Degli Angeli Hospital Ulss5—Adria, Adria); Armatura G*, Frena A, Bertelli G, Marinello P, Notte F, Scotton G* (, Bolzano Central Hospital); Cervellera M, Gori A, Sartarelli L, Tonini V* (S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna); Gallo G*, Sammarco G, Vescio G (University ‘Magna Graecia’ of Catanzaro, Catanzaro); Di Marzo F* (Valtiberina, Sansepolcro). Rega D*, Delrio P* (Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Department of Abdominal Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’, 80131

Japan: Kanemitsu Y*, Moritani K (National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo).

Jordan: Al Abdallah M*, Ayasra F, Ayasra Y, Qasem A (Al-Basheer Hospital, Amman); Fahmawee T, Hmedat A, Obeidat K* (King Abdullah University Hospital, Ar Ramtha); Abou Chaar MK, Al-Masri M*, Al-Najjar H, Alawneh F (King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman).

Libya: Aldokali N, Senossi O, Subhi MT (Alkhadra Hospital, Tripoli); Algallai M, Alwarfly S, AlZAEDE S, Gahwagi M*, Moftah M (Benghazi Medical Center, Benghazi); Burgan D*, Kamoka E, Kilani AI (National Cancer Institute, Sabratha—Libya, Sabratha); Abdelkabir M*, Altomi I (Sabha Medical Center, Tripoli); Abdulwahed E*, Alshareea E, Aribi N, Aribi S, Biala M, Ghamgh R (Tripoli Central Hospital, Tripoli); Alsoufi A, Ellojli I*, Kredan A, Msherghi A* (Tripoli University Hospital, Tripoli); Alshareef K* (Yashfeen Clinic, Tajora-Tripoli); Ghadah Z Alkadiki, Faraj S Almaadany, (AlJalaa Hospital Benghazi).

Lithuania: Bradulskis S, Dainius E, Kubiliute E, Kutkevičius J, Parseliunas A, Subocius A, Venskutonis D* (Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. LUHS Kaunas Hospital, Kaunas).

Madagascar: Rasoaherinomenjanahary F*, Razafindrahita JB, Samison LH (Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital, Antananarivo).

Malaysia: Ngo CW*, Ramasamy S (Hospital Enche’ Besar Hajjah Khalsom, Kluang, Johor); Hamdan KH, MdRazali.I, Tan JA, Thanapal MR* (Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur); Choong E, Lim RZM (Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Batu Pahat, Johor); Nik Amin Sahid, Hayati F*, Jayasilan J, Sriram RK*, Subramaniam S (Queen Elizabeth Hospital and Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia); Ibrahim AF* (Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Sarawak); Che jusoh A, Hussain AH, Mohamed Sidek AS, Mohd Yunus MF, Soh JY, Wong MP, Zakaria AD*, Zakaria Z (School of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan); Mohd Azman ZA (University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur); Fathi NQ, Roslani AC*, Xavier R (University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur and Universiti Putra Malaysia).

Mexico: Alvarez MR, Cordera F*, Hernandez R (Abc Medical Center, Mexico City); Soulé Martínez CE* (Hospital Central Norte Pemex, Mexico City); Aboharp Hasan Z, Otoniel LR, Sosa Duran EE* (Hospital Juárez De México, Ciudad De México); Melchor-Ruan J*, Romero Bañuelos E, Vilar-Compte D (Instituto Nacional De Cancerologia, Mexico City); Buerba GA, Mercado MÁ*, Posadas-Trujillo OE, Salgado-Nesme N, Sarre C (Instituto Nacional De Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición ‘Salvador Zubirán’, Mexico City).

Morocco: Amrani L, Benkabbou A, El Ahmadi B, El Bouazizi Y, Belkhadir ZH, Ghannam A, Majbar AM, Mohsine R, Souadka A* (Université mohammed V, Institut National D’oncologie, Rabat).

Netherlands: Hompes R*, Meima-van Praag EM, Pronk AJM, Sharabiany S (Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam); Grotenhuis BA*, Hartveld L (Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Ziekenhuis, Amsterdam); Ebben L, Kuiper S*, Melenhorst J, Poeze M (Mumc+, Maastricht); Posma-Bouman L* (Slingeland Ziekenhuis, Doetinchem); Derksen T, Franken J, Oosterling S* (Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem); Konsten J*, Van Heinsbergen M (Viecuri Medisch Centrum, Venlo).

Nigeria: Adeyeye A, Enoch E (Afe Babalola University Multi-System Hospital, Ido Ekiti); Nwabuoku SE, Sholadoye TT*, Tolani MA* (Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria); Olaogun J* (Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti); Abiyere H, Babalola O, Okunlola A* (Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido Ekiti, Ido Ekiti); Ali SANI S, Chinda J, Garba S, Mshelbwala P, Olori S*, Olute A, Osagie O, Pius Ogolekwu I, Umar A (University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada); Abdur-Rahman LO*, Adeyeye A, Bello JO, Olasehinde O, Popoola AA (University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin).

Pakistan: Abassy J*, Ahmed K, Alvi A, Khan S*, Pirzada A, Saleem A, Siddiqui MT, Turk K (Aga Khan University, Karachi); Jamal A, Kerawala AA* (Cancer Foundation Hospital, Karachi); Memon AS*, Nafees Ahmed R, Rai L* (Dr Ruth K.m. Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi); Ali AA* (King Edward Medical University, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Lahore); Afzal MF, Khokhar MI* (Lahore General Hospital, Pgmi, Amc, Lahore); Ayub B, Ramesh P, Sayyed R* (Patel Hospital, Karachi); Ayyaz M*, Butt U*, Kashif M, Qureshi AU*, Farooka MW* (Services Hospital Lahore, Lahore); Ayubi A, Waqar SH* (The Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad).

Palestine: Al-Slaibi I, I. A. Alzeerelhouseini H, Jobran F* (Al-Ahli Hospital, Hebron, West Bank); Abukhalaf SA (Palestine Medical Complex, Ramallah, West Bank).

Panama: Cukier M* (Pacifica Salud Hospital, Panama).

Philippines: Jocson R, Teh C*, Uy Magadia E (National Kidney and Transplant Institute, Quezon City).

Poland: Major P (Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow); Bąk M, Dubieńska K, Ławnicka A, Murawa D* (Karol Marcinkowski University Hospital, Zielona Gora); Janik M, Kowalewski P, Kwiatkowski A, Roszkowski R, Sroczyński P, Walędziak M* (Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw).

Portugal: Azevedo C, Machado D, Mendes F* (Centro Hospitalar Cova Da Beira, Covilhã); De Sousa X* (Centro Hospitalar De Setúbal, Setúbal); Fernandes U, Ferreira C*, Guidi G, Marçal A, Marques R, Martins D, Vaz-Pereira R, Vieira B (Centro Hospitalar De Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, E.p.e., Vila Real); Almeida JI, Almeida-Reis R*, Correia de Sá T, Costa MJMA, Fernandes V, Ferraz I, Lima da Cruz L, Lima da Silva C, Lopes L, Machado N, Marialva J, Nunes Coelho M, Pedro J, Pereira C, Ribeiro A, Ribeiro CG, Santos R, Saraiva P, Silva R, Tavares F, Teixeira M (Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa, Penafiel); Almeida AC, Amaral MJ, Andrade R, Camacho C, Costa M, Lázaro A*, Nogueira O, Oliveira A, Ruivo A, Silva M, Simões JFF (Centro Hospitalar E Universitário De Coimbra, Coimbra); Devezas V, Jácome F, Nogueiro J, Pereira A, Santos-Sousa H*, Vaz S (Centro Hospitalar E Universitário De São João, Porto); Pinto J, Tojal A* (Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu); Cardoso P*, Martins R*, Martins dos Santos G, Henriques P, Morais H, Sousa S, Cardoso N, Teixeira J, Pereira R, Revez T, Ribeiro R, Manso I, Domingues J (Centro Hospitalar Universitário Do Algarve—Unidade De Faro, Faro); Amorim E, Baptista VH, Cunha MF*, Sampaio da Nóvoa Gomes Miguel II (Centro Hospitalar Universitário Do Algarve—Unidade De Portimão, Portimão); Bandovas JP, Borges N*, Chumbinho B, Figueiredo de Barros I, Frade S, Gomes J, Kam da Silva Andrade A, Pereira Rodrigues A, Pina S, Silva N*, Silveira Nunes I, Sousa R (Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Central, Lisbon); Azevedo P, Costeira B, Cunha C, Garrido R*, Miranda P, Peralta Ferreira M, Sousa Fernandes M (Hospital Beatriz Angelo, Loures); Azevedo J* (Hospital Da Horta, E.p.e., Horta); Galvão D, Vieira A* (Hospital De Santo Espirito Da Ilha Terceira, Angra Do Heroismo); Patrício B, Santos PMDD*, Vieira Paiva Lopes AC (Hospital De Torres Vedras—Centro Hospitalar Do Oeste, Torres Vedras); Cunha R, Faustino A, Freitas A, Mendes JR*, Parreira R (Hospital Do Divino Espírito Santo, Ponta Delgada); Abreu da Silva A*, Claro M, Costa Santos D, Deus AC, Grilo JV (Hospital Do Litoral Alentejano, Santiago Do Cacém); Castro Borges F*, Corte Real J, Henriques S, Lima MJ, Matos Costa P (Hospital Garcia De Orta, Almada); Alagoa Joao A, Azevedo P, Camarneiro R, Capunge I, Fragoso M, Frazão J, Martins A, Pedro V, Pera R, Ramalho de Almeida F, Sampaio Soares A*, Vale R, Vasconcelos M (Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, E.p.e., Amadora); Brito da Silva F, Caiado A*, Fonseca F (Instituto Português De Oncologia De Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa); Ângelo M, Baião JM, Martins Jordão D*, Vieira Caroço T (Ipo Coimbra, Coimbra); Baía C, Canotilho R, Correia AM, Ferreira Pinto AP, Peyroteo M, Videira JF* (Ipo Porto, Porto).

Réunion: Kassir R*, Sauvat F (Chu Reunion, Saint Denis).

Romania: Bonci E*, Gata V*, Titu S* (‘Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta’ Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca); Bezede C, Chitul A, Ciofic E, Cristian D, Grama F* (Coltea Clinical Hospital, Bucharest); Ciubotaru C, Negoi I*, Negoita VM, Stoica B (Emergency Clinical Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest); Ginghina O*, Iordache N, Iosifescu RV, Mardare M, Mirica RM, Spanu A, Văcărașu AB, Zamfir-Chiru-Anton M (Saint John Emergency Hospital, Bucharest).

Russia: Tsarkov P*, Tulina I (Clinic of Coloproctology and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Sechenov Medical State University, Moscow); Abelevich A, Bazaev A, Kokobelyan AK, Yanishev A* (Cprivolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital, Sechenov Medical State University, Nizhny Novgorod); Litvin A*, Litvina Y, Provozina A (Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Regional Clinical Hospital, Kaliningrad); Agapov M*, Garmanova T, Kazachenko E, Markaryan D, Galliamov E, Kakotkin V, Kubyshkin V, Semina E, Kamalov A (Moscow Research and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow); Novikova A, Zakharenko A* (Pavlov First State Medical University of St Petersburg, Saint Petersburg).

Saudi Arabia: Alshahrani M*, Alsharif F, Eskander M (Aseer Central Hospital, Abha); Majrashi S*, Mashat A (East Jeddah General Hospital, Jeddah); Alharthi M, Aljiffry M, Basendowah M, Malibary N*, Nassif M, Saleem A, Samkari A, Trabulsi N* (King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah); A Azab M* (King Abdullah Medical City Makkah, Makkah); Alqahtani D, Jaloun H*, Mudawi I (King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah); Al Awwad S*, Alghamdi M*, Alnumani T* (King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah); Awad S*, I Sharara M (King Faisal Medical Complex, Taif City); Al Habes H, Alqannas M*, Alyami M*, Alzamanan M, Cortés-Guiral D*, Elawad A (King Khalid Hospital, Najran); Adi H, Al ahmad F, Al Ayed A, Alishi Y (King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabouk); AlAamer O, Alselaim N* (King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University For Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard, Health Affairs, General Surgery Department., Riyadh); Alfaifi J, D’Souza J (King Saud Medical City, Riyadh); Al-Khayal K, Alhassan N, Alobeed O, Alshammari S, Bin Nasser A*, Bin Traiki T, Nouh T*, Zubaidi A (King Saud University, Riyadh); Abdulfattah F, Al-Kharashi E*, Alanazi F, Albaqami F, Alghuliga A, Alsowaina K, Arab N*, Badahdah F (Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh); Alobaysi S, Alshahrani A, Alzahrani A* (Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh).

Serbia: Aleksić L, Antic A, Barisic G*, Ceranic M, Grubač Ž, Jelenkovic J, Kecmanović D, Kmezić S, Knezevic D*, Krivokapic Z*, Latinčić S, Markovic V*, Matić S*, Miladinov M, Pavlov M*, Pejovic I, Tadic B, Vasljević J, Velickovic D (Clinic For Digestive Surgery, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade); Doklestic K, Gregoric P*, Ivancevic N, Loncar Z, Micic D (Clinic For Emergency Surgery, Emergency Centre, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade); Buta M, Cvetkovic A, Gacic S, Goran M, Jeftic N, Markovic I*, Milanović M, Nikolic S, Pejnovic L, Savković N, Stevic D, Vucic N, Zegarac M (Institute For Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade); Karamarkovic A, Kenic M, Milic Lj, Kovacevic B, Krdzic I* (Zvezdara University Medical Center, Belgrade).

Singapore: Lieske B* (National University Hospital, Singapore).

South Africa: Almgla N*, Boutall A, Herman A, Kloppers C*, Nel D, Rayamajhi S (Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town).

Spain: Paniagua García Señorans M*, Vigorita V (Álvaro Cunqueiro Hospital, Vigo); Acrich E, Baena Sanfeliu E, Barrios O, Golda T*, Santanach C, Serrano-Navidad M, Sorribas Grifell M, Vives RV (Bellvitge University Hospital, Hospitalet De Llobregat); Escolà D, Jiménez A* (Comarcal Alt Penedés, Barcelona); Alcázar JA, Angoso-Clavijo M, Blanco-Antona F, Carabias-Orgaz A, Díaz Maag R, Garcia J, García-Plaza AGP, Gonzalez-Muñoz JI, Muñoz-Bellvis L, Sánchez Tocino JM, Sanchez-Casado AB, Trebol J* (Complejo Asistencial Universitario De Salamanca, Salamanca); Hernandez Gutierrez J, Tébar Zamora A* (Complejo Hospitalario De Toledo, Toledo); Palma P, Cayetano Paniagua L, Gomez Fernandez L* (Consorci Sanitari De Terrassa, Barcelona); Collera Ormazabal P, Diaz del Gobbo R, Farre Font R, Flores Clotet R, Gómez Díaz CJ*, Guàrdia N, Guariglia CA, Osorio Ramos A, Sanchez Jimenez R, Sanchon L, Soto Montesinos C (Fundació Althaia—Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, Manresa); Alonso-Lamberti L, García-Quijada J, Jimenez Miramón J, Jimenez V*, Jover JM, Leon R, Rodriguez JL, Salazar A, Valle Rubio A (Getafe University Hospital, Getafe); Aguado López H* (Hellín Hospital, Albacete); Bravo Infante R, De Lacy FB, Lacy AM*, Otero A, Turrado-Rodriguez V*, Valverde S (Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona); Anula R, Avellana R, Camarero Rodríguez E, Catalán Garza V, Dziakova J, García Alonso M, Lasses Martínez B, López Antoñanzas L, Muguerza JM*, Ochagavía S, Peña Soria MJ, Rivera-Alonso D, Saez Carlin P, Sánchez del Pueblo C, Sanz Ortega G, Sanz-López R, Torres A (Hospital Clínico De Madrid, Madrid); Martín-Arévalo J, Moro-Valdezate D*, Pla-Marti V (Hospital Clínico Universitario De Valencia, Valencia); Beltrán de Heredia J, De Andrés-Asenjo B*, Gómez Sanz T, Jezieniecki C, Nuñez Del Barrio H, Ortiz de Solórzano Aurusa FJ, Romero de Diego A, Ruiz Soriano M, Trujillo Díaz J, Vázquez Fernández A (Hospital Clínico Universitario De Valladolid, Valladolid); Lora-Cumplido P, Sosa-Rodríguez MV* (Hospital De Cabueñes, Gijón); Galvan Perez A, Gonzalez-Gonzalez E, Minaya Bravo AM*, San Miguel C (Hospital Del Henares, Madrid); Alonso de la Fuente N, Jimenez Toscano M* (Hospital Del Mar, Barcelona); Grau-Talens EJ, Martin-Perez B* (Hospital Don Benito-Villanueva, Don Benito (Badajoz)); Benavides Buleje JA, Carrasco Prats M*, Giménez Francés C*, Muñoz Camarena JM, Parra Baños PA, Peña Ros E, Ramirez Faraco M, Ruiz-Marín M*, Valero Soriano M (Hospital General Reina Sofía, Murcia); Allue M, Colsa P, García Domínguez M, Gimenez Maurel T, Martín Anoro LF, Ponchietti L, Rodriguez Artigas JM, Roldón Golet M*, Utrilla Fornals A (Hospital General San Jorge, Huesca); Estaire Gómez M*, Fernández Camuñas Á, Garcia Santos EP, Jimenez Higuera E, Martínez-Pinedo C, Muñoz-Atienza V, Padilla-Valverde D*, Picón Rodríguez R, Sánchez-García S, Sanchez-Pelaez D (Hospital General Universitario De Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real); Curtis Martínez C, Sánchez-Guillén L* (Hospital General Universitario De Elche, Elche); Colombari RC, Del valle E, Fernández M, Lozano Lominchar P*, Martín L, Rey Valcarcel C, Zorrilla Ortúzar J (Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid); Alcaide Matas F, García Pérez JM, Troncoso Pereira P* (Hospital Mateu Orfila, Mahon); Blas Laina JL, Cros B, Escartin J*, Garcia Egea J, Nogués A, Talal El-Abur I, Yánez C (Hospital Royo Villanova, Zaragoza); Mora-Guzmán I* (Hospital Santa Bárbara, Puertollano); Achalandabaso Boira M*, Sales Mallafré R (Hospital Universitari De Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona); Marín H, Prieto Calvo M, Villalabeitia Ateca I* (Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo); De Andres Olabarria U, Durán Ballesteros M, Fernández Pablos FJ, Ibáñez-Aguirre FJ, Sanz Larrainzar A, Ugarte-Sierra B* (Hospital Universitario De Galdakao, Galdakao-Usansolo); Acosta Mérida MA*, Ortiz López D, Yepes Cano AF (Hospital Universitario De Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas De Gran Canaria); Correa Bonito A, Delgado Búrdalo L, Di Martino M*, García Septiem J*, Maqueda González R, Martin-Perez E (Hospital Universitario De La Princesa, Madrid); Calvo Espino P*, Guillamot Ruano P (Hospital Universitario De Móstoles, Móstoles); Colao García L, Díaz Pérez D*, Esteban Agustí E, Galindo Jara P, Gutierrez Samaniego M*, Hernandez Bartolome MA*, Serrano González J (Hospital Universitario De Torrejón De Ardoz, Madrid); Alonso Poza A, Diéguez B, García-Conde M, Hernández-García M, Losada M* (Hospital Universitario Del Sureste, Madrid); Alvarez E, Chavarrias N, Gegúndez Simón A, Gortázar de las Casas S, Guevara-Martínez J, Prieto Nieto MI, Ramos-Martín P, Rubio-Perez I*, Saavedra J, Urbieta A (Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid); Aparicio-López D, Cantalejo diaz M, De Miguel Ardevines MDC, Dobón Rascón MÁ, Duque-Mallén V*, Gascon Ferrer I, González-Nicolás Trébol MT, Gracia-Roche C, Herrero Lopez M, Kälviäinen H, Martinez German A, Matute M, Sánchez Fuentes N, Santero-Ramirez MS, Saudí S (Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza); Blazquez Martin A, Diez Alonso M*, Hernandez P, Mendoza-Moreno F, Ovejero Merino E, Vera Mansilla C, Matías-García B, Quiroga-Valcárcel A (Hospital Universitario Principe De Asturias, Madrid); Barranquero AG, Cerro Zaballos C, Núñez J, Ocaña J, Ramos D* (Hospital Universitario Ramón Y Cajal, Madrid); Acebes García F, Bailon-Cuadrado M, Bueno Cañones AD, Choolani Bhojwani E, Marcos-Santos P, Miguel T, Pacheco Sánchez D, Pérez-Saborido B, Sanchez Gonzalez J, Tejero-Pintor FJ* (Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid); Alconchel F*, Conesa A, Gil Martínez J*, Gutiérrez Fernández AI, Lopez Abad A, Nicolás-López T*, Ramirez Romero P, Roca Calvo MJ, Rodrigues K*, Ruiz Manzanera JJ, Soriano AI (Hospital Universitario Virgen De La Arrixaca, Murcia); Cano A, Capitan-Morales L, Cintas Catena J, Gomez-Rosado J*, Oliva Mompean F, Pérez Sánchez MA, Río Lafuente FD, Torres Arcos C, Valdes-Hernandez J (Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville); Cholewa H, Frasson M, Martínez Chicote C, Sancho-Muriel J* (Hospital Universitario Y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia); Estraviz B, Fernández Gómez Cruzado L, González de Miguel M, Landaluce-olavarria A* (Hospital Urduliz, Bizkaia); Abad-Gurumeta A, Abad-Motos A, Martínez-Hurtado E, Ripollés-Melchor J*, Ruiz- Escobar A (Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid); Cuadrado-García A*, Garcia-Sancho Tellez L*, Heras Aznar J*, Maté Mate P, Ortega Vázquez I*, Picardo AL, Rojo López JA, Sanchez Cabezudo Noguera F*, Serralta de Colsa D* (Infanta Sofía University Hospital, San Sebastian De Los Reyes); Cagigas Fernandez C, Caiña Ruiz R, Gomez Ruiz M, Martínez-Pérez P, Santarrufina Martinez S*, Valbuena Jabares V (Marqués De Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander); Cagigal Ortega EP, Cervera I, Díaz Peña P, Gonzalez J, Marqueta De Salas M, Perez Gonzalez M*, Ramos Bonilla A, Rodríguez Gómez L (Severo Ochoa University Hospital, Leganés); Alfonso Garcia M, Craus-Miguel A, Fernández Vega L, Ferrer-Inaebnit E, Gil Catalán A, González Argente FX, Jeri S, Oseira A, Pujol Cano N, Segura-Sampedro JJ*, Soldevila Verdeguer C, Villalonga B (Son Espases University Hospital, Palma De Mallorca); Blanco-Colino R, Espin-Basany E*, Pellino G (Vall D’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona).

Sri Lanka: Srishankar S, Thalgaspitiya SPB (Teaching Hospital, Anuradhapura)Arulanantham A, Bandara GBKD, Jayarajah U*, Ravindrakumar S, Rodrigo VSD (District General Hospital Chilaw, Chilaw).

Sudan: Ali karar AA (Al-Rajhi, Omdurman); Elhafiz MHY* (Best Care Hospital, Khartoum); Adam Essa Adam ME*, Ahmed A (Omdurman Teaching Hospital, Khartoum); Saleh M (University of Gezira Hospital, Wad Madani).

Sweden: Arkani S*, Freedman J* (Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm); Angenete E*, Park J (Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg); Älgå A*, Heinius G, Nordberg M, Pieniowski E (South General Hospital, Stockholm); Löfgren N, Rutegård M* (Umea University Hospital, Umea).

Switzerland: Arigoni M, Bernasconi M, Christoforidis D*, Di Giuseppe M, La Regina D, Mongelli F (Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Ticino (Lugano, Bellinzona, Locarno, Mendrisio)); Chevallay M, Dwidar O, Gialamas E, Sauvain M* (Hopital De Pourtales, Neuchatel); Adamina M*, Crugnale AS, Guglielmetti L, Peros G (Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur); Gass M*, Metzger J, Scheiwiller A (Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern); Turina M* (Universitätsspital, Zürich).

Syrian Arab Republic: Al Asadi T, Alkhateb S, Altom R, Bakkar B, Maa Albared S*, Melhem S (Damascus Hospital, Damascus); Hammed A*, Hammed S (Tishreen University Hospital, Latakia).

Tunisia: Kacem MJ, Maghrebi H, Sebai A* (La Rabta Hospital, Tunis).

Turkey: Aghayeva A*, Hamzaoglu I, Sahin I (Acibadem Altunizade Hospital, Istanbul; Department of General Surgery, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul); Akaydin E, Aliyeva Z, Aytac E, Baca B, Ozben V*, Ozmen BB (Acibadem Atakent Hospital, Istanbul; Department of General Surgery, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul); Arikan AE*, Bilgin IA*, Kara H, Karahasanoglu T, Uras C (Acibadem Maslak Hospital, Istanbul; Department of General Surgery, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul); Akbas A, Altinel Y*, Calikoglu F, Ercan G, Ercetin C, Hacım NA, Meriç S, Tokocin M, Vartanoglu T, Yigitbas H (Bagcilar Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul); Doğangün M, Iflazoğlu N, Yalkın Ö* (Bursa City Hospital, Bursa); Cennet O, Dincer HA, Erol T (Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara); Alhamed A, Ergün S*, Ozcelık MF, Sanli AN, Uludağ SS*, Velidedeoglu M*, Zengin AK (Istanbul University—Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul); Kara Y*, Bozkurt MA, Kocatas A (Health Sciences University Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul); Eyuboglu K, Guner A*, Usta MA (Karadeniz Technical University Farabi Hospital, Trabzon); Azamat İF, Balik E*, Buğra D, Kulle CB (Koç University Medical School, Istanbul); Güler SA, Güreşin A, Tatar OC*, Utkan NZ, Yildirim A, Yüksel E (Kocaeli University Teaching Hospital, Kocaeli); Abbasov A*, Yanar H (Liv Hospital Ulus, Istanbul); Akin E, Altintoprak F*, Cakmak G, Çelebi F, Demir H, Dikicier E, Firat N, Gönüllü E, Kamburoğlu MB, Küçük IF, Mantoglu B (Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya); Çolak E*, Kucuk GO, Uyanik MS (University of Samsun, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun); Goksoy B* (Sehit Prof.dr. İlhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul); Bozkurt E, Capkinoglu E, Guven O, Mihmanli M, Omeroglu S, Tanal M*, Yetkin G (Seyrantepe Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul); Akalin M, Arican C, Avci EK, Aydin C, Demirli Atici S*, Emiroglu M, Kaya T*, Kebabçı E, Kilinc Tuncer G, Kirmizi Y, Öğücü H, Salimoğlu S, Sert İ, Tugmen C, Tuncer K, Uslu G, Yeşilyurt D (University of Health Sciences Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir); Yildiz A*, Yildiz A (Yildirim Beyazit University Yenimahalle Training and Research Hospital, Ankara); Gultekin FA* (Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University School of Medicine Research and Training Hospital, Zonguldak).

Uganda: Lule H*, Oguttu B* (Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Ishaka).

United Kingdom: Agilinko J, Ahmeidat A, Bekheit M*, Cheung LK, Kamera BS, Mignot G, Shaikh S*, Sharma P (Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen); Al-Mohammad A, Ali S, Ashcroft J, Baker O, Coughlin P, Davies RJ*, Kyriacou H, Mitrofan C, Morris A, Raby-Smith W, Rooney SM, Singh AA, Tan XS, Townson A, Tweedle E (Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge); Kattakayam A, Lunevicius R, Sheel A, Sud A, Sundhu M (Aintree University Hospital, Liverpool); Angelou D, Choynowski M, McAree B*, McCanny A, Neely D (Antrim Area Hospital- Northern Health and Social Care Trust, Antrim); Kamel F, Kumar L, Madani R*, Nisar P (Ashford and St Peter’s Hospital, Chertsey); Creanga M*, Elniel M, Law J (Blackpool Victoria Hospital, Blackpool); Mosley F* (Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford); Arrowsmith L*, Campbell W* (Causeway Hospital, Coleraine); Grove T, Kontovounisios C, Warren O* (Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London); Doulias T*, Li M, Martin E, Rodwell H (Colchester Hospital University, Colchester); Clifford R, Eardley N, Krishnan E, Manu N, Martin E, Roy Mahapatra S, Serevina OL, Smith C, Vimalachandran D* (Countess of Chester Hospital, Chester); Emslie K*, Labib PL*, Minto G, Natale J, Panahi P, Rogers LJ* (Derriford Hospital, Plymouth); Abubakar A*, Akhter Rahman MM, Chan E, O’Brien H, Sasapu K* (Diana Princess of Wales Hospital Grimsby, Grimsby); Ng HJ* (Dumfries and Galloway Royal Infirmary, Dumfries); Day A* (East Surrey Hospital, Redhill); Hunt A, Laskar N* (East Sussex Healthcare (Conquest Hospital and Eastbourne District General Hospital), Hastings); Gupta A*, Steinke J, Thrumurthy S (Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, Epsom); Massie E, McGivern K, Rutherford D, Wilson M* (Forth Valley Royal Hospital, Larbert); Bacarese-Hamilton T, Ip M*, James A, Salerno G*, Stockdale T (Frimley Health NHS FT—Wexham Park, Slough); Handa S, Kaushal M, Kler A, Patel P*, Redfern J, Tezas S (Furness General Hospital, Barrow In Furness); Aawsaj Y, Barry C, Blackwell L, Emerson H, Fisher A*, Katory M, Mustafa A (Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead); Kretzmer L*, Lalou L, Manku B, Parwaiz I, Stafford J (George Eliot Hospital, Nuneaton); Abdelkarim M, Asqalan A, Gala T, Ibrahim S, Maw A*, Mithany R, Morgan R*, Sundaram Venkatesan G (Glan Clwyd Hospital, Rhyl); Banfield D, Boal M*, Brown O, Dean H (Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucester); Boulton AJ (Good Hope Hospital, Sutton Coldfield); Hardie CM, McNaught C* (Harrogate District Hospital, Harrogate); Karandikar S*, Naumann D (Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham); Chen F, Cheung J* (Hinchingbrooke Hospital, Huntingdon); Ayorinde J, Chase T, Cuming T, Ghanbari A, Humphreys L, Tayeh S* (Homerton University Hospital, London); Aboelkassem Ibrahim A, Evans C, Ikram H, Loubani M*, Nazir S, Robinson A, Sehgal T, Wilkins A (Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull); Dixon J*, Jha M, Thulasiraman SV, Viswanath Y* (James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough); Curl-Roper T, Delimpalta C, Liao CCL*, Velchuru V, Westwood E (James Paget University NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Great Yarmouth); Bond-Smith G*, Mastoridis S, Tebala GD, Verberne C (John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford); Anscomb N*, Baldwin-Smith R, Davies M, Grainger C, Haji A, Haq A, Nunoo-Mensah JW, Rizk M (King’s College Hospital, London); Bhatti MI, Boyd-Carson H, Elsey E, Gemmill E, Herrod P*, MohammedJibreel M, Lenzi E, Saafan T, Sapre D, Sian T, Watson N (King’s Mill Hospital, Sutton-In-Ashfield); Athanasiou A*, Burke J, Costigan F, Elkadi H, Johnstone J, Nahm C (Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds); Annamalai S, Ashmore C, Kourdouli A (Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester); Chean CS, Dharamavaram S, Kulkarni N, Pereira I, Shanthakunalan K, Srikumar B (Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln); Askari A, Cirocchi N, Kudchadkar S, Patel K, Sagar J*, Talwar R* (Luton and Dunstable University Hospital, Luton); Abdalla M, Ismail O, Newton K, Stylianides N* (Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester); Aderombi A, Bajomo O, Beatson K, Garrett WV*, Ng V (Medway Hospital, Gillingham); Al-Habsi R, Divya GS, Dixon F, Keeler BD* (Milton Keynes University Hospital, Milton Keynes); Egan RJ*, Fabre I, Harries R*, Li Z, Parkins K, Spencer N, Thompson D (Morriston Hospital Swansea, Swansea); Gemmell C, Grieco C, Hunt L* (Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton); Mahmoud Ali F (Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne); Seebah K, Shaikh I*, Sreedharan L, Youssef M* (Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich); Shah J* (North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester); Baguley M, Heer B, Rogers M, Woods R* (Northampton General Hospital, Northampton); Mills SJ* (Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland and Tyne and Wear); Sahnan K (Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow); Ahmed ME, Bukhari SI, Illingworth B, Kanthasamy S, Knights E, Ong SL, Pujari R, Tan KHM, Vanker R* (Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough); Michel M, Patil S, Ravindran S, Sarveswaran J*, Scott L (Pinderfields Hospital, Wakefield); Khan J* (Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth); Bhangu A*, Cato LD, Kamal M, Kulkarni R, Parente A, Saeed S, Vijayan D (Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham); English C, Evans J*, Fell A*, Halkias C, Merh R, Nikolaou S (Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother Hospital Margate, Margate); Kaul S, Khan AH, Khan F, Mukherjee S*, Patel M, Sarigul M, Singh S (Queen’s Hospital Romford, Romford); Adiamah A, Brewer H, Chowdhury A*, Evans J, Humes D*, Jackman J, Koh A, Lewis-Lloyd C, Oyende O, Reilly J, Worku D (Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham); Bisset C, Moug S* (Royal Alexandra Hospital, Paisley); Chadha R* (Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading); Math S, Sarantitis I, Timbrell S, Vitone L* (Royal Blackburn Hospital, Blackburn); Faulkner G* (Royal Bolton Hospital, Farnworth); Brixton G, Findlay L, Majkowska A, Manson J*, Potter R (Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Bournemouth); Bhalla A*, Chia Z, Daliya P, Grimley E, Malcolm FL, Theophilidou E (Royal Derby Hospital, Derby); Daniels IR, Fowler GE, Massey LH, McDermott FD*, Rajaretnam N (Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter); Angamuthu N, Chowdhury S, Gilliland J, Hart C, Knowles J, Mirnezami R, Varcada M* (Royal Free Hospital, Hampstead); Beamish AJ, Magowan D, Nassa H, Price C, Smith L, Solari F, Tang AM, Williams G* (Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport); Davies E*, Hawkin P, Raymond T, Ryska O (Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Morecambe); Baron R*, Gahunia S, McNicol F*, Russ J, Szatmary P, Thomas A (Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool); Jayasinghe JD, Knowles C, Ledesma FS, Minicozzi A*, Navaratne L, Ramamoorthy R, Sohrabi C, Thaha MA*, Venn M (Royal London Hospital, London); Atherton R*, Brocklehurst M, McAleer J, Parkin E* (Royal Preston Hospital, Preston); Aladeojebi A, Ali M, Gaunt A* (Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-On-Trent); Hammer C, Stebbing J (Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford); Coomber E, Williams O (Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton); Bunni J, Fairhurst K*, Mitchell S, Richards S (Royal United Hospital Bath, Bath); Hraishawi I, McIlmunn C, McIntosh S* (Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Belfast); Bhasin S, Bodla AS, Burahee A, Crichton A, Fossett R, Yassin N* (Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton); Barlow C, Ding D, Foster J, Longstaff L (Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury); Brown SR*, Lee M, Newman T, Steele C (Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield); Baker A, Konstantinou C, Ramcharan S*, Wilkin RJW (South Warwickshire NHS Foundation Trust, Warwick); Colvin HV, Shakoor Z (Southampton General Hospital, Southampton); Lawday S, Lyons A* (Southmead Hospital, Bristol); Newman S (Southport and Formby District General Hospital, Southport); Chung E, Hagger R, Hainsworth A, Karim A, Owen H, Ramwell A, Williams K* (St George’s Hospital, London); Hall J (Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport); Harris G, Royle T*, Watson LJ (Sunderland Royal Hospital, Sunderland); Asaad P, Brown B, Duff S*, Khan A, Moura F, Wadham B (The University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester); Mccluney S, Parmar C*, Shah S (The Whittington Hospital, London); Babar MS*, Goodrum S, Whitmore H (Torbay and South Devon NHS Trust, Torquay); Balasubramaniam D*, Jayasankar B*, Kapoor S, Ramachandran A (Tunbridge Wells Hospital, Maidstone); Beech N, Chand M*, Green L, Kiconco H, McEwen R (University College London Hospital, London); Pereca J* (University Hospital Ayr, Ayr); Arumugam S, Ibrahim B*, Khan K* (University Hospital North Durham, Durham); Gash K, Gourbault L, Maccabe TA, Newton C* (University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol); Baig M, Bates H, Dunne N, Khajuria A, Ng V, Sarma DR, Shortland T, Tewari N* (University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trusts, Coventry); Akhtar MA*, Brunt A, McIntyre J, Milne K, Rashid MM, Sgrò A, Stewart KE, Turnbull A (Victoria Hospital Kirkcaldy, Kirkcaldy); Gossedge G*, O’Donnell S, Oldfield F (Warrington and Halton Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Warrington); Aguilar Gonzalez M*, Talukder S* (West Suffolk Hospital, Bury St Edmunds); Eskander P, Hanna M, Olivier J* (Weston General Hospital, Weston-Super-Mare); Basnyat P*, Davis H, Montauban P, Shrestha A (William Harvey Hospital, Ashford); Magee C*, Powell S* (Wirral University Teaching Hospital, Wirral); Flindall I, Hanson A, Mahendran V (Worcestershire Royal Hospital, Worcester); Green S, Lim M, MacDonald L, Miu V, Onos L, Sheridan K, Young R* (York Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, York); Alam F, Griffiths O, Houlden C, Kolli VS, Lala AK, Seymour Z* (Ysbyty Gwynedd, Bangor, North Wales).

United States of America: Consorti E, Gonzalez R, Kwan-Feinberg R*, Liu T (Alta Bates Summit Medical Center (Sutter Health), San Francisco); Cooper Z*, Hirji S, Mahvi D, Okafor B, Roxo V, Salim A (Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston); Loehrer A*, Telma K, Wilson M (Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH); Bokenkamp M, Haynes AB, Hill C, Leede E, McElhinney K, Olson KA, Riley C (Dell Seton Medical Center at the University of Texas, Austin); Bigelow B, Etchill EW*, Gabre-Kidan A*, Jenny HE, Kent A, Ladd MR, Long C, Malapati H, Margalit A, Rapaport S, Rose J, Stevens K, Tsai L, Vervoort D, Yesantharao P (Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD); Klaristenfeld D* (Kaiser Permanente San Diego Medical Center, San Diego); Huynh KT (Kaiser Permanente West Los Angeles, Los Angeles); Kaafarani H*, Naar L, Qadan M (Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA); Cha DE, Gleeson E, Horn C, Sarpel U* (Mount Sinai, New York); Bhama A (Rush University Medical Centre, Chicago, IL); Colling K*, Najarian M (Saint Mary’s Medical Center-Essentia Health, Duluth); Azam M, Choudhry A*, Marx W (Suny Upstate University Hospital, Syracuse); Chokshi R, Glass N*, Tsui G (The University Hospital, Newark, NJ); Abel MK, Boeck M, Chern H, Kornblith LZ*, Nunez-Garcia B, Ozgediz D, Sarin A, Varma MG (University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco); Abbott D, Acher A, Aiken T, Barrett J, Foley E, Schwartz PB, Zafar SN* (University of Wisconsin, Madison); Hawkins AT*, Maiga A (Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN); Ruzgar NM, Sion M, Ullrich S (Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT).

Yemen: Al-Naggar H*, Al-Shehari M*, Almassaudi A, Alsayadi M, Alsayadi R, Shream S (Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital, Sana’a).